Chapter E1 – Installs Exterior Jambs/Frames
Key Competencies (NOA)
The NOA for Carpenter (2013) also identifies the key competencies required knowledge for this sub-task. These competencies are the actual skills needed to complete this sub-task.
- Select and use tools and equipment such as levels, tape measures, hammers and cordless drills
- Assess and adjust rough openings for existing conditions as out-of-square,
out-of-level and wrong size or location
- Prepare hinges and bolt locations on metal door frames to protect from grout
- Brace metal door frame to ensure plumb and square with adequate support
- Ensure adjacent jambs or frames are aligned with each other
- Level head jamb and plumb side jambs
- Secure jambs/frames by shimming and fastening to steel, wood, and masonry
- Insulate cavity around jambs/frames to create a thermal break
- Install membrane and flashing around outside exterior jamb’s trim (NOA p. 55)
Topic 1 – Door Terminology and NBC requirements
Door Terminology
In order to install and repair doors a carpenter must be familiar with the terminology used. Doors and their frames have many moving parts which can cause operating problems if not installed correctly. Door frames may come with single or double rabbeted jambs.
Parts of a door jamb
- Side jamb – vertical members of the frame
- Head jamb – horizontal top member of the frame
- Sill- allows door to clear the floor
- Threshold – metal or wood strip that runs under the door often part of the sill
- Mullion – vertical member between a set of double doors provides a means of latching
- Astragal – acts as a door stop in a set of double doors
- Transom Bar – horizontal member that separates a window from the door
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Panel_door.jpg
Parts of an Exterior Door and Hardware
- Stiles – vertical member of a door panel
- Rails – horizontal member of a door panel
- Hinges – pivoting hardware which joins two surfaces allowing them to swing
- Locksets – complete assembly of knob, door lock, escutcheon plate and mechanical parts which provides security and means of opening
- Deadbolt – locking device installed in a door consisting of a metal bar that can be retracted and thrown by use of a knob or key
- Striker plates – hardware installed on a door jamb to receive the latch or bolt when in the closed position
- Weatherstripping – pliable material between the door and jamb to seal the joint and prevent moisture and air from entering.
Exterior Door Styles
- Flush – single panel door with a plain face on each side
- Panel – contains stiles, rails and panels (see above)
- Fire – door with a fire resistance rating to reduce the spread of fire and smoke between areas of a building
Tools and Equipment for Door Construction and Installation
- Butt marker
- Combination square
- Marking gauges
- Door jacks
- Routers
- Planes
For further information review
- Carpentry, Chapter 60, “Exterior Door Styles”
- Carpentry, Chapter 61 “Door Frame Installation,” up to the section “Setting Door Frames in Masonry Walls”
- Principles and Practices of Commercial Construction, Chapter 16 “Finishing,” the section “Entrances and Exterior Doors”
For knowledge of the types of exterior doors and window and their components, review the following.
Brightspace Instruction Sheet:
- DOOR 300 – IS 1.2 Door Terminology, p. Page 1-18
Review Questions 14.01.1 (p. 18)
- A device which facilitates holding the door upright while it is being planed or having hardware installed is called a(n) ________.
- A _________ is a framework containing small lights of glass placed on one or both sides of the entrance.
- Why are door frames sometimes rabbeted on both edges? (Double rabbeted)
- What is a swaged hinge?
- What is a butt marker used for?
- Name the two types of locksets.
- Describe the following locksets:
- Passage
- Privacy
- Entry lockset
National Building Code (NBC)
For requirements of the NBC, review sections:
Review Questions
Answer the following questions with regards to doors from those sections in the NBC:
- Are exterior doors in commercial buildings permitted to swing inward?
- Describe the door release hardware requirements for an exit door.
- Do the “barrier-free design” regulations apply to single family houses?
- In buildings that require barrier free entrances, what percentage of the entrances must be barrier free?
- What is “barrier free” according to the NBC?
- In a barrier free path of travel through a hallway in a public building, an unobstructed width of _____ mm is required for the passage of wheelchairs.
- Every doorway in a barrier free path of travel shall have a clear width of not less than _____ mm when the door is in an open position.
- What is the minimum size of entrance door required for a house?
- What information does the NBC require exterior wood doors to have on them?
- Describe the type of lock required on entrance doors to dwelling units.
- Describe the fastening of hinges on an exterior door using wood frames and doors.
- Describe how strike plates should be fastened:
- To wood jambs.
- To metal frames.
- What special hinges are required when doors swing out towards the exterior of a building?
- How is resistance to spreading jambs achieved for entrance doors to dwellings?
- When there is a door between an attached or built-in garage and a house, it shall: ____________
- True or False:
- All swing type doors in a fire separation must have a latch to keep in closed.
- All doors in a fire separation are required to have self-closing devices.
- It is acceptable to have a door from a bedroom to an attached garage.
Answers:
- Door jack
- Sidelight
- They are double rabbeted for out-swinging doors to reduce the thickness of the jamb on the inside to accommodate casing. They may also be double rabbeted for in-swinging doors to allow room for a storm door on the exterior.
- Lightly bent at the knuckle to permit the two hinge leaves to come closer together so there is less gap between the door and the jamb.
- Placed on the door at the exact location of a hinge. It is tapped with a hammer, driving the cutting edges into the stile marking where to chisel the hinge gain.
- Cylindrical and mortised.
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- Used on interior doors, no lock on it.
- Used on bathrooms and bedrooms, locked on one side.
- Used on exterior doors and locks, keyed on one side.
NBC requirements
- No, except for doors serving a single dwelling unit, every exit door shall open in the direction of exit travel. (3.4.6.12)
- The exit door must be easily opened from the inside with not more than one releasing operation and without requiring a key or special knowledge to open the door from the inside. (3.4.6.16)
- It does not apply to houses (3.8.2.1)
- At least 50% of the entrances (3.8.2.2)
- It means that a building and its facilities contain minimum provisions to accommodate a person using a typical manual wheelchair or other manual mobility assistance devices such as walking aids including canes, crutches, braces, and artificial limbs. (A-3.8)
- 920 mm (3.8.3.2-1)
- 800 mm (3.8.3.6-2)
- 810 mm x 1980 mm (Table 9.5.5.1)
- Name of the manufacturer, the standard to which it is produced, and that it is of an exterior type (9.7.4.3-4)
- Entrance doors require a deadbolt lock with a cylinder having no fewer than 5 pins and a bolt throw of not less than 25 mm, protected by a hardened metal free turning ring or beveled cylinder housing. (9.7.5.2-4)
- Wood screws not less than 25 mm long and to the trimmer studs with at least two screws per hinge than penetrate not less than 30 mm into solid wood (9.7.5.2-6)
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- With wood screws that penetrate not less than 30 mm into solid wood (9.7.5.2-7)
- With machine screws not smaller than No. 10 and not less than 10 mm long (9.7.5.2-7)
- Provided with hinges or pins so that the door cannot be removed when they are in a closed position (9.7.5.2-8)
- By placing solid blocking on both sides of the door at lock height between the jambs and structural framing (9.7.5.2-9)
- Be tight fitting, weather sealed, and fitted with a self-closing device (9.10.13.15-1)
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- True (9.10.13.
- False (9.10.13.10-1,2)
- False (9.10.13.15-2)