The Role of the Syllabus

A Tool for Student Success, Not a Contract

Traditionally, syllabi have been treated as contractual documents outlining rigid rules and policies. However, this approach can be counterproductive, positioning students as potential rule-breakers rather than active participants in their own learning. Instead, an effective syllabus should be framed as a promise of what students will achieve in the course. A welcoming, student-focused syllabus highlights opportunities for growth, provides clear expectations, and reassures students of the support available to help them succeed.

“Rather than emphasize what they can’t do, an effective syllabus is a promise that, as a result of our course, students will be able to do a number of things either for the first time or at least better than they could before.” (Kevin Gannon)

A Learner-Centered Approach

A learner-centered syllabus helps students understand why the course matters, how it fits into their academic and professional paths, and what skills they will develop. This approach emphasizes:

• Course relevance: Explaining how the course connects to broader curriculum goals and future applications.
• Clear learning outcomes: Defining what students will know or be able to do by the end of the course.
• Inclusive language: Using a warm and supportive tone that makes students feel welcome and valued.
• Transparency: Clearly communicating course expectations, workload, and policies to support student success.

Key Components of a Student-Centered Syllabus

Essential Course Information

Ensure students have easy access to key logistical details, including:

• Course title, number, semester, and credit hours
• Meeting days, times, and location (or online format details)
• Instructor name, pronouns, contact information, office hours, and response time
• Departmental information and relevant contact points

Course Plan and Learning Outcomes

A well-organized syllabus clearly communicates the structure of the course. Consider using a backward design approach:

1. Define course goals: Broadly describe what students will gain.
2. Establish measurable learning objectives: Connect objectives to specific activities and assessments.
3. Design assessments and learning activities: Align assignments with course goals and objectives.
4. Plan day-to-day activities: Provide a logical progression of topics and assignments

Course Materials

Provide detailed information about required and recommended materials:

• Clearly list textbooks, readings, and other resources, specifying editions and access options.
• Highlight open educational resources (OER) or library reserves to reduce costs.
• Explain how materials connect to learning objectives.

Course Policies

With each policy you list, keep the key question for syllabus construction in mind: What are you saying to your students? Reflect not just on the specifics of your policies and procedures but also on the reasons you have them.” (Gannon)

Policies should be clear, concise, and framed in a supportive manner:

• Attendance and participation: Consider flexible policies that account for unexpected circumstances.
• Late work and make-up assignments: Clarify guidelines while allowing reasonable flexibility.
• Academic integrity: Emphasize ethical learning rather than a punitive approach.
• Classroom conduct: Set expectations for respectful, inclusive participation.
• Equity and accessibility: Frame accommodations as a universal practice rather than exceptions for a few.

The foundational question of an attendance policy is, Why is it essential for students to be in class? (I’m defining “in class” broadly, so as to cover online courses as well.) The answer ought to be how you introduce your attendance policy on the syllabus.” (Gannon)

Reframing “accessibility” as a matter for the entire class — and not just a few student “exceptions” who need to be “accommodated” — can contribute to the inviting tone and motivational qualities that make for an effective syllabus.” (Gannon)

Assignments and Grading

Help students understand how their work will be assessed:

• Transparency: Provide clear descriptions of assignments, their purpose, and evaluation criteria.
• Grading schema: Use a straightforward points or percentage system and provide a visual representation (e.g., a pie chart of grade distribution).
• Opportunities for improvement: Incorporate revision policies and multiple low-stakes assessments.
• Timely feedback: Outline how and when students will receive feedback on their work.

Group Work and Peer Interaction

Encourage collaboration by setting clear expectations:

• Explain the purpose of group work and its relevance to learning.
• Establish guidelines for effective teamwork and peer engagement.
• Provide opportunities for students to reflect on their collaborative learning experiences.

Course Schedule

A detailed course calendar helps students stay organized:

• Outline topics, readings, assignments, and due dates.
• Include major university deadlines and holidays.
• Use student-centered deadlines (e.g., assignments due at 5:00 p.m. instead of midnight).
• Add a disclaimer that the schedule is subject to change.

“When students look at the course calendar, they should be able to see when each assignment is due and when a test is scheduled. Your exhortations for them to plan for the semester ring hollow if you aren’t giving them sufficient resources with which to do so.” (Gannon)

Student Support and Success Strategies

Provide students with resources to help them thrive:

• Academic support: Link to tutoring centers, writing labs, and research assistance.
• Mental well-being: Highlight self-care strategies and counseling services.
• Success tips: Share time management, communication, and study strategies.

High-Impact Teaching Practices (HITPs) and Additional Considerations

• Integration of HITPs: Explain how active learning strategies enhance student engagement and success.
• Syllabus attachment statements: Provide links to institutional policies.
• Content warnings: Prepare students for emotionally challenging material when necessary.

Encouraging Students to Read the Syllabus

A learner-centered syllabus is an essential tool for fostering a welcoming, transparent, and engaging course environment. By focusing on clarity, accessibility, and inclusivity, instructors can create a syllabus that supports student success and reflects their commitment to meaningful learning experiences. Rather than a static document, the syllabus should evolve based on feedback and student needs, serving as a cornerstone of an effective and student-centered learning environment.