“Spain is different.”

Slogan chosen for Spanish tourism under the Franco regime.

In consequence, all those who, in whatever way, cause the death of slaves and who participate in the unjust slavery of blacks, are commanded to provide restitution. Therefore kings, traders, whether Spanish or French, merchants, buyers and sellers of blacks, all those who transport them, the captains of ships and all those who effectively participate in this commerce, whether they are masters or buyers in the Indies or in Europe, re-sellers, and all those who buy or retain, in any of the forms enumerated, are all obligated to grant the blacks their liberty and the price of their work and reparation for the sufferings and damages they have endured.

Decree of the Holy Office on Several Doubts That Have Been Submitted by the Sacred Congregation of the Propagation of the Faith, March 20, 1686

As quoted in Casimir, Jean. The Haitians: A Decolonial History. United States, University of North Carolina Press, 2020.