The Informed Citizen's Guide to Biology

Kara Stanley

Book Title: The Informed Citizen's Guide to Biology

Author: Kara Stanley

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Introduction
Kara Stanley
I. Chapter 1 - Biology Basics
1. 1.1 The Science of Biology
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
2. 1.2 Themes and Concepts of Biology
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
3. 1.3 The Process of Science
  Matthew R. Fisher and Kara Stanley
4. 1. 1.4 Levels of Organization
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
5. 2. 1.5 Presenting Data - Graphs and Tables
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
6. 3. 1.6 Writing for Science
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
7. 4. 1.7 Using Credible Sources
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
8. Further Thought - Diversity in Science Resources
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; Matthew Douglas; and Kara Stanley
II. Chapter 2 - Chemistry of Life
1. 5. 2.1 Atoms
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
2. 6. 2.2 Chemical Bonds
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
3. 7. 2.3 Water
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
4. 8. 2.4 Buffers, pH, Acids, and Bases
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
5. 9. 2.5 Absolutely Necessary Chemistry Summary
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
6. 10. 2.6 Carbohydrates
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
7. 11. 2.7 Lipids
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
8. 12. 2.8 Proteins
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
9. 13. 2.9 Nucleic Acids
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
10. 14. Further Thought - Using Science as Advertising
  Kara Stanley
III. Chapter 3 - Photosynthesis and Respiration
1. 15. 3.1 Overview of Photosynthesis
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
2. 16. 3.2 Light and Pigments
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
3. 17. 3.3 The structure of the chloroplast
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
4. 18. 3.4 The Light-Dependent Reactions of Photosynthesis
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
5. 19. 3.5 The Calvin Cycle
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
6. 20. 3.6 Energy and Metabolism
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
7. 21. 3.7 Glycolysis
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
8. 22. 3.8 Citric Acid Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylation
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
9. 23. 3.9 Fermentation
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
10. 24. 3.10 Connections to Other Metabolic Pathways
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
11. 25. Further Thought - Applications of Photosynthesis and Respiration
  Kara Stanley
IV. Chapter 4 - Cell Structure and Function
1. 4.1 Studying Cells
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
2. 4.2 Prokaryotic Cells
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
3. 4.3 Eukaryotic Cells
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
4. 4.4 The Endomembrane System and Proteins
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
5. 4.5 The Cytoskeleton
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
6. 4.6 Connections between Cells and Cellular Activities
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
7. 5.3 Active Transport
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
8. 4.7 Passive Transport
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
9. 4.8 Bulk Transport
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
10. 26. Further Thought- What Happens When Cells Behave Badly?
  Kara Stanley
V. Chapter 5 - Cellular Reproduction
1. 27. 4.9 Prokaryotic Cell Division
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
2. 28. 5.2 The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
3. 29. 5.3 Control of the Cell Cycle
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
4. 30. 5.4 Cancer and the cell cycle
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
5. 31. 5.5 Overview of Meiosis
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
6. 32. 5.6 Meiosis I
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
7. 33. 5.7 Meiosis II
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
8. 34. 5.8 Comparing Meiosis and Mitosis
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
9. 35. 5.9 Errors in Meiosis
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
10. 36. Further Thought - When Cell Division Doesn't Work
  Kara Stanley
VI. Chapter 6 - Genetics and Biotechnology
1. 37. 6.1 The Genome
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
2. 38. 6.2 The Structure of DNA
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
3. 39. 6.3 DNA Replication
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
4. 40. 6.4 Transcription
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
5. 41. 6.5 How Genes Are Regulated
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
6. 42. 6.6 Cloning
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
7. 43. 6.7 Genetic Engineering
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
8. 44. 6.8 Mapping Genomes
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
9. 45. 6.9 Whole Genome Sequencing
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
10. 46. 6.10 Applying Genomics
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
11. 47. 6.11 Proteomics
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
12. 48. Further Thought - Genetic Disorders and Ethics
  Kara Stanley
VII. Chapter 7 - Inheritance
1. 7.1 Mendel’s Experiments and the Laws of Probability
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
2. 7.2 Characteristics and Traits
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
3. 7.4 Laws of Inheritance
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
4. 7.5 Chromosomal Theory and Genetic Linkage
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
5. 7.6 Chromosomal Basis of Inherited Disorders
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
6. 49. Further Thought - Super Organisms and Inherited Resistance to Chemicals
  Kara Stanley
VIII. Chapter 8 - Evolution and Taxonomy
1. 50. 8.1 Evidence of Evolution
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
2. 51. 8.2 Speciation
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
3. 52. 8.3 Formation of New Species
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
4. 53. 8.4 Population Evolution
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
5. 54. 8.5 Population Genetics
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
6. 55. 8.6 Adaptive Evolution
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
7. 8.7 Common Misconceptions about Evolution
  hljordan16 and Colleen Jones
8. 56. 8.8 Determining Evolutionary Relationships
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
9. 57. 8.9 Organizing Life on Earth
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
10. 58. 8.13 Perspectives on the Phylogenetic Tree
  Lisa Bartee; Walter Shriner; and Catherine Creech
11. 59. Further Thought - "Unnatural Selection"
  Kara Stanley
IX. Chapter 9 - Single Celled Organisms, and Fungi
1. 60. 9.1 Viral Evolution, Morphology, and Classification
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
2. 61. 9.2 Virus Infections and Hosts
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
3. 62. 9.3 Prevention and Treatment of Viral Infections
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
4. 63. 9.4 Other Acellular Entities: Prions and Viroids
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
5. 64. 9.5 Prokaryotic Diversity
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
6. 65. 9.6 Structure of Prokaryotes: Bacteria and Archaea
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
7. 66. 9.7 Bacterial Diseases in Humans
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
8. 67. 9.8 Beneficial Prokaryotes
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
9. 68. 9.9 Eukaryotic Origins
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
10. 69. 9.10 Characteristics of Protists
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
11. 70. 9.11 Characteristics of Fungi
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
12. 71. 9.12 Ecology of Fungi
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
13. 72. 9.13 Fungal Parasites and Pathogens
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
14. 73. 9.14 Importance of Fungi in Human Life
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
15. 74. Further Thought - Small Things, Big Impact
  Kara Stanley
X. Chapter 10 - Plants
1. 10.1 Early Plant Life
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
2. 10.2 Green Algae: Precursors of Land Plants
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
3. 10.3 Non-Vascular Plants
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
4. 10.4 Seedless Vascular Plants
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
5. 10.5 Evolution of Seed Plants
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
6. 10.6 Gymnosperms
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
7. 10.7 Angiosperms
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
8. 10.8 The Role of Seed Plants
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
9. 75. Further Thought- Plants to the Rescue
  Kara Stanley
XI. Chapter 11 - Animals
1. 11.1 Features of the Animal Kingdom
  hljordan16 and Colleen Jones
2. 11.2 Animal Phylogeny
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
3. 11.4 The Evolutionary History of the Animal Kingdom
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
4. 11.5 Sponges and Cnidarians
  hljordan16 and Colleen Jones
5. 11.6 Flatworms, Nematodes, and Arthropods
  hljordan16 and Colleen Jones
6. 11.7 Mollusks and Annelids
  hljordan16 and Colleen Jones
7. 11.8 Echinoderms and Chordates
  hljordan16 and Colleen Jones
8. 11.9 Vertebrates
  hljordan16 and Colleen Jones
9. 11.10 The Evolution of Primates
  Mary Ann Clark; Jung Choi; and Matthew Douglas
10. 11.11 Animal Form and Function
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
11. 11.12 Animal Primary Tissues
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
12. 11.13 Homeostasis
  Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
13. Further Thought - Beyond Charismatic Megafauna: The Animal Kingdom's Unsung Endangered Species
  Kara Stanley
XII. Chapter 12 - Climate and Biomes
1. 12.1 Energy Flow through Ecosystems
  Emily P. Harris
2. 12.2 Biogeochemical Cycles
  Emily P. Harris
3. 12.3 Terrestrial Biomes
  Emily P. Harris
4. 12.4 Aquatic Biomes
  Emily P. Harris
5. 76. 12.5 Climate and the Effects of Global Climate Change
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
6. 12.6 Case Study: Two Climate Action Plans
  Andrew Frank
7. 77. Further Thought - Disproportionate Impacts of Climate Change
  Kara Stanley
XIII. Chapter 13 - Ecology
1. 13.1 Population Demographics and Dynamics
  Emily P. Harris
2. 13.2 Population Growth and Regulation
  Emily P. Harris
3. 13.3 The Human Population
  Emily P. Harris
4. 78. 13.4 Environmental Limits to Population Growth
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
5. 13.5 Community Ecology
  Emily P. Harris
6. 79. 13.6 Introduction to Biodiversity
  Emily P. Harris
7. 80. 13.7 Origin of Biodiversity
  Emily P. Harris
8. 13.8 Importance of Biodiversity
  Emily P. Harris
9. 13.9 Threats to Biodiversity
  Emily P. Harris
10. 13.10 Preserving Biodiversity
  Emily P. Harris
11. 81. Further Thought - Where the Wild Things Were
  Kara Stanley
XIV. Chapter 15 - Ethics in Research
1. 82. 15.1 Ethics and Societal Responsibility: Introduction
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
2. 83. 15.2 History of Ethics in STEM
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
3. 84. 15.3 Definition of Ethics and Societal Responsibility
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
4. 85. 15.4 Atomic Fission, Albert Einstein, and the Atomic Bomb
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
5. 86. 15.5 Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
6. 87. 15.6 Helsinki Protocol for Human Research
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
7. 88. 15.7 Henrietta Lacks and HeLa cells
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
8. 89. 15.8 Gene Therapy and Death in 2000
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
9. 90. 15.9 Gene Therapy for Sickle Cell Disease 2018
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
10. 91. 15.10 Ethics of Genetic Testing and Medical Disease Diagnostics
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
11. 92. 15.11 Ethics of Gene Therapy
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
12. 93. 15.12 Ethics of DNA Testing in Forensic Science and Criminal Justice
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
13. 94. 15.13 Use of Animals and Environment and Ethics
  Jung Choi; Mary Ann Clark; and Matthew Douglas
14. 95. Further Thought - Inequity and Ethics in Healthcare and Research
  Kara Stanley
XV. Chapter 14 - Human Health
1. 14.1 The Impacts of Environmental Conditions
  Emily P. Harris
2. 14.2 Environmental Health
  Emily P. Harris
3. 14.3 Environmental Toxicology
  Emily P. Harris
4. 96. 14.4 Bioremediation
  Emily P. Harris
5. 14.11 Case Study: The Love Canal Disaster
  Emily P. Harris
6. 14.5 Water Cycle and Fresh Water Supply
  Matthew R. Fisher
7. 14.6 Water Supply Problems and Solutions
  Matthew R. Fisher
8. 14.7 Water Pollution
  Matthew R. Fisher
9. 14.8 Water Treatment
  Matthew R. Fisher
10. 14.9 Food Security
  Matthew R. Fisher
11. 14.10 Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
  Matthew R. Fisher
12. Further Thought - Socioeconomic and Environmental Dimensions of Human Health
  Kara Stanley
Appendix

Book Information

Book Description

This textbook aims to collate the individual sections of multiple OER resources as currently used in an introductory non-majors biology course. It compiles the collective wisdom of leading authors in the field, to provide a “one stop” resource equips you with a robust foundation in core biological principles.

Author

Kara Stanley

License

Icon for the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

Subject

Biology, life sciences

Metadata

Title: The Informed Citizen's Guide to Biology
Author: Kara Stanley
Editor: Kara Stanley
Contributors: Lisa Bartee; Mary Ann Clark; Catherine Creech; Matthew Douglas; Matthew R. Fisher; Andrew Frank; Emily P. Harris; Colleen Jones; hljordan16; Jung Choi; Charles Molnar; and Walter Shriner
License: The Informed Citizen's Guide to Biology Copyright © 2024 by Kara Stanley is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.
Primary Subject: Biology, life sciences
Publication Date: July 24, 2024