MODULE 2: THE HISTORICAL APPROACH

The two modules of the resource explore the migratory experiences of diverse ethnic, linguistic, and religious groups. This comprises population movements that take place in multiple directions and take a wide range of forms, from voluntary migration, such as tourism, to forced deportations of entire communities, displacement due to war (both internal and cross-border), and even situations where movement is restricted or entirely prevented.

This second module takes an historical perspective with four units exploring how refugees were defined in the 19th and 20th centuries, voluntary migration in the form of tourism as an instrument of nation-building, NGOs and migration governance in in late Imperial Eastern Europe, and the return migration of Crimean Tatars from Soviet Exile