RACIAL AND ETHNIC DIVERSITY: A SOCIOLOGICAL INTRODUCTION
Chapter 9 Quiz
(1) _____: a community of nonwhites excluded (formally or informally) from neighboring white areas. Until 1900, this term referred to segregated Jewish areas of European cities.
A apartheid
B enclave
C neighborhood
D ghetto
(2) Most contemporary professional social scientists of race discuss not only breaks (post-1968) with American apartheid, but also continuities. Racial injustice has not simply been overcome, but rather has been ______.
A defeated
B broken
C ongoing
D ended
(3) According to Klinkner and Smith, three parallels between the post-Reconstruction (1877) era and post-Civil Rights (1968) era are:
A rise of colorblindness as government policy; rise of white fear of “criminality” of racial minorities; disempowerment of black voting
B rise of colorblindness as government policy; empowerment of black voting; calls for immigration restriction
C decline of colorblindness as government policy; decline of white fear of “criminality” of racial minorities; empowerment of black voting
D decline of colorblindness as government policy; empowerment of black voting; calls for immigration restriction
(4) _______: the political claim (as in Brazil, South Africa, and U.S.) that society no longer faces serious problems of racial discrimination, and that policies explicitly designed to benefit nonwhites are unnecessary and/or harmful.
A apartheid
B ideology
C affirmative action
D colorblindness
(5) _______: a color-blind ideology (especially 1930-1990) emphasizing shared Brazilian national identity and claiming the absence of racism in Brazil.
A racial democracy
B affirmative action
C apartheid
D principles/policy paradox
(6) _______: the likelihood of social well-being. Key indices include income and wealth, occupational prestige, level of education, mental and physical health (e.g., infant mortality, life expectancy), quality and location of housing, relation to criminal justice, political representation, social mobility.
A colorblindness
B life chances
C racial democracy
D apartheid
(7) ________: the survey research finding that, after 1970, most white Americans have increasingly held abstract racially egalitarian principles, while simultaneously opposing concrete public policy that would promote such principles
A principles/policy paradox
B racial democracy
C life chances
D colorblindness
(8) _______: extreme residential segregation by race, as in cities in which most whites and most blacks live in different neighborhoods (e.g., whites in suburbs and blacks in the inner city).
A hyper-segregation
B racial democracy
C affirmative action
D principles/policy paradox
(9) According to Telles and Ortiz (2008), the large differences between black and white wealth can be largely attributed to ______ discrimination.
A immigration
B voting
C housing
D tax
(10) According to survey researchers, the principles/policy paradox is that color-blind equality (what whites _____) has—ever since the Civil War—usually been promoted in U.S. history by federal intervention in state and local affairs (what many whites ______).
A oppose support
B support; oppose
C decline; support
D support; desire
