Chapter 1: Formula Sheet

4 The Most Common Fundamental Units

Example: 1,000,000 Pa = 1 $\times 10^6$ MPa

$Force (N) = Mass (kg) $\times$ Acceleration (m/$s^2$)$

$F=ma ((kg \times m/s^2)=N)$

Sometimes, the questions indicate weight (W)

$W=mg((kg\times m/s^2)=N)$

$Density (\rho) =\frac{mass(kg)}{volume(m^3)}$

$Specific Volume (v) = \frac{v}{m}=\frac{1}{\rho}(\frac{m^3}{kg})$

$Specific Weight(\gamma_s)=\rho (\frac{kg}{m^3})g(\frac{m}{s^2})=\rho g (\frac{N}{m^3})$

$T[^{\circ} F]=[^{\circ} C]\times \frac{9}{5}+32$

$T[K]=[^{\circ} C]+273.15$

$T[^{\circ} R]=([^{\circ} C]+273.15)\times \frac{9}{5}$

$P_2=P_{atm}+\rho g h$

$P_1+\rho_1 g(a+h) - \rho_2 gh - \rho_1 ga = P_2$

$\Delta P=P_1-P_2 = (\rho_2-\rho_1)gh$

$P_{\text{gage}} = P_{\text{abs}} - P_{\text{atm}}$

$P_{\text{vac}} = P_{\text{atm}} - P_{\text{abs}}$

	Formula	Units
Newton’s Second Law	$Force (N) = Mass \times Acceleration$ $F=ma$	$(kg \times \frac{m}{s^2})=N$
Weight	$W=mg$	$(kg \times \frac{m}{s^2}=N)$
Density	$\rho = \frac{mass(kg)}{volume(m^3)}$	$\frac{kg}{m^3}$
Specific Volume	$v=\frac{v}{m}=\frac{1}{\rho}$	$\frac{m^3}{kg}$
Specific Weight	$\gamma_s=\rho g$	$\frac{N}{m^3}$
Temperature Conversion	$T[^{\circ} F]=[^{\circ} C]\times \frac{9}{5}+32$ $T[K]=[^{\circ} C]+273.15$ $T[^{\circ} R] =([^{\circ} C]+273.15)\times \frac{9}{5}$

$1 bar = 10^5 Pa=0.1 MPa = 100 kPa$

$1 atm = 101,325 Pa = 101.325 kPa = 1.01325 bars$

$1 \frac{kgf}{cm^2}=9.807 \frac{N}{cm^2}=9.807 \times 10^4 \frac{N}{m^2}=9.807\times10^4 Pa = 0.9807 bar=0.9679 atm$

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Thermodynamics Copyright © by Diana Bairaktarova (Adapted from Engineering Thermodynamics - A Graphical Approach by Israel Urieli and Licensed CC BY NC-SA 3.0) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.